1527

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Year 1527 (MDXXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

January–June

• January 5 – Felix Manz, co-founder of the Swiss Anabaptists, is drowned in the Limmat in Zürich by the Zürich Reformed state church.
• March 17 – Battle of Khanwa: This and two other major Moghul victories lead to their domination of northern India.
• March – Paracelsus is appointed as town physician of Basle.
• April 30 – Treaty of Westminster (1527), an alliance during the War of the League of Cognac.

Sack of Rome

• May 6 – Sack of Rome: Spanish and German troops led by the Duke of Bourbon sack Rome, forcing Pope Clement VII to make peace with Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, marking the end of the High Renaissance. The Pope grows a beard in mourning.
• May 16 – In Florence, the Piagnon, a group devoted to the memory of Girolamo Savonarola, drive out the Medici for a second time, re-establishing the Republic of Florence until 1530.
• June 17 – The Narváez expedition to conquer Florida sets sail from Spain.
• June 17 – The Protestant Reformation begins in Sweden. The Riksdag of the Estates in Västerås adopts Lutheranism as the state religion in place of Roman Catholicism.
• June 21 – Niccolò Machiavelli, Italian historian, politician, diplomat, philosopher and humanist dies in Florence, Italy.
• June 22 – Jakarta, current capital of Indonesia, was founded as Jayakarta.
• June 23 – Paracelsus burns books of Avicenna.

July–December

• August 3 – The first known letter is sent from North America by John Rut while at St. John's, Newfoundland.
• August 20 – Sixty Anabaptists meet at the Martyrs' Synod in Augsburg.
• August 20 – Diet of Odense (Denmark). King Frederick I declares religious tolerance for Lutherans, permits marriage of priests and forbids seeking papal pallium (approval) for royal appointments of Church officials.^[1][2]
• September 27 – Battle of Tarcal: Ferdinand, future Holy Roman Emperor, defeats John Zápolya and takes over most of Hungary. John appeals to the Turks for help.

Date unknown

• The Spanish conquest of Guatemala highlands is completed; the first Guatemala City (Ciudad Vieja) is founded.
• Spanish Conquistador Francisco de Montejo invades Yucatán.
• Members of the University of Wittenberg flee to Jena in fear of the bubonic plague.
• Bishop Vesey's Grammar School at Sutton Coldfield in the West Midlands of England is founded by Bishop John Vesey.
• Sir George Monoux College is founded as a grammar school at Walthamstow, England, by Sir George Monoux, draper and Lord Mayor of London.
• The Ming Dynasty government of China greatly reduces the quotas for taking grain, severely diminishing the state's capacity to relieve famines through a previously successful granary system.
• The second Dalecarlian rebellions in Sweden.

Births

Anna Sophia of Prussia

Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal

• February 17 – Charles of Guise, French cardinal (d. 1574)
• March 4 – Ludwig Lavater (d. 1586)
• March 5 – Ulrich, Duke of Mecklenburg (d. 1603)
• March 10 – Alfonso d'Este, Lord of Montecchio, Italian nobleman (d. 1587)
• March 21 – Hermann Finck, German composer and music theorist (d. 1558)
• March 28 – Isabella Markham, English courtier (d. 1579)
• March 31 – Edward Fitton, the elder, Irish politician (d. 1579)
• April 14 – Abraham Ortelius, Flemish cartographer and geographer (d. 1598)
• May 1 – Johannes Stadius, German astronomer, astrologer, mathematician (d. 1579)
• May 21 – King Philip II of Spain (d. 1598)
• May 31 – Agnes of Hesse, German nobleman, by marriage, Princess of Saxony (d. 1555)
• June 11 – Anna Sophia of Prussia, Duchess of Prussia and Duchess of Mecklenburg (d. 1591)
• June 24 – Jean Vendeville, law professor, Roman Catholic bishop (d. 1592)
• July 8 – Saitō Yoshitatsu, Daimyo (d. 1561)
• July 13 – John Dee, English mathematician, astronomer, and geographer (d. 1608)
• July 31 – Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1576)
• August 10 – Barbara of Brandenburg, Duchess of Brieg, German princess (d. 1595)
• September 29 – John Lesley, Scottish bishop (d. 1596)
• October 2 – William Drury, English politician (d. 1579)
• October 15 – Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal (d. 1545)
• October 21 – Louis I, Cardinal of Guise, French cardinal (d. 1578)
• November 1
  • Pedro de Ribadeneira, Spanish hagiologist (d. 1611)
  • William Brooke, 10th Baron Cobham, English noble and politician (d. 1597)
• November 3 – Tilemann Heshusius, Gnesio-Lutheran theologian (d. 1588)
• November 12 – Qi Jiguang, Ming Dynasty general (d. 1588)
• November 18 – Luca Cambiasi, Italian painter (d. 1585)
• December 6 – Bernhard VIII, Count of Lippe (d. 1563)
• December 23 – Hugues Doneau, French lawyer (d. 1591)
• date unknown
  • Giuseppe Arcimboldo, Italian artist (d. 1593)
  • Luis de León, Spanish lyric poet and mystic (d. 1591)
  • Sakuma Nobumori, Japanese retainer and samurai (d. 1581)
  • Annibale Padovano, Italian composer and organist (d. 1575)
• probable
  • John Dudley, 2nd Earl of Warwick, English nobleman (d. 1554)
  • Lawrence Humphrey, English clergyman and educator (d. 1590)

Deaths

Juan de Grijalva

Niccolo Machiavelli

Rodrigo de Bastidas

• January 5 – Felix Manz, leader of the Swiss Anabaptists (executed) (b. 1498)
• January 21 – Juan de Grijalva, Spanish conquistador (b. 1489)
• March 17 – Rana Sanga, Indian leader (at the Battle of Khanwa)
• April/May – Sir Thomas Docwra, English Grand Prior of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1458)
• May 6 – Charles III, Duke of Bourbon, Count of Montpensier and Dauphin of Auvergne (b.1490)
• c. May 6? – Ludovico Vicentino degli Arrighi, Italian calligrapher and type designer (b. 1475)
• June 21 – Niccolò Machiavelli, Italian writer and statesman (b. 1469)
• July 28 – Rodrigo de Bastidas, Spanish conquistador and explorer (b. c. 1460)
• October 27 – Johann Froben, printer and publisher in Switzerland (b. c. 1460)
• November 15 – Catherine of York, aunt of King Henry VIII of England (b. 1479)
• November 28 – Jerome Emser, German theologian (b. 1477)
• date unknown
• date unknown – Luisa de Medrano, Spanish scholar (b. 1484)
  • Francesco Colonna, Italian Dominican priest (b. 1433)
  • Div Sultan Rumlu, Persian military leader
  • Petrus Thaborita, Frisian historian and monk (b. c. 1450)
  • Cristoforo Solari, Italian sculptor and architect (b. c. 1460)
  • Jan "Ciężki" Tarnowski, Polish nobleman (b. c. 1479)
  • Huayna Capac, Sapa Inca of the Inca Empire (b. 1493)
• probable – Jane Shore, mistress of King Edward IV of England

References