Timeline of Liverpool
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Liverpool, England.
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
Prior to 18th century
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- 1089. The West Derby Hundred is recorded in the Domesday Book[1]
- 1207 Liverpool founded by King John.[2]
- Market active.[3]
- 1292 – John De More becomes mayor.
- 1298 – Liverpool fair active.[3]
- 1349 - The Black Death Plague hits Liverpool.[4]
- 1424 - Riots between the rival Stanley and Molyneux families near Liverpool Castle.[5]
- 1598 – Speke Hall (house) built.
- 1662 – Population: 775.[6]
- 1644 – Town besieged by forces of Prince Rupert of the Rhine.[7]
- 1674 – Town Hall rebuilt.[6]
18th century
- 1700
- Liverpool Merchant slave ship begins operating.[8]
- Population: 5,714.[6]
- 1702 – Croxteth Hall (house) built.
- 1704 – Woolton Hall (house) built.
- 1708 – Blue Coat School founded.[6]
- 1717 – Bluecoat Chambers built.
- 1718 – Blue Coat hospital opens.[9]
- 1720 – Population: 10,446.[10]
- 1722 – Ranelagh Gardens open.
- 1749 – Royal Infirmary opens.[9]
- 1753 – Salthouse Dock opens.[7]
- 1754 – Liverpool Town Hall built.[9]
- 1756 – Liverpool Advertiser newspaper begins publication.[11]
- 1758 – Circulating library established.[12]
- 1766 - City directory published.[13]
- 1771
- Bidston lighthouse built.[7]
- George's Dock opens.
- 1772 – Theatre built.[6]
- 1779 – Medical Library founded.[6]
- 1784 - Liverpool Musical Festival begins.[14]
- 1788 – St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church built.
- 1790
- Lime Street laid out.
- Consulate of the United States, Liverpool established.
- 1791 – School for the Blind founded.[6]
- 1792 – Trinity Church consecrated.
- 1797 – Liverpool Athenaeum founded.
19th century
1800s-1840s
Map of Liverpool, 1836
- 1801 – Population: 77,653.[10]
- 1802 – Liverpool Library founded.[15]
- 1803 – Botanical Gardens open.[16]
- 1805 - Extension to Liverpool Town Hall completed providing Main Ballroom and Council Chamber
- 1807 – Liverpool Cricket Club formed.
- 1809 – Exchange Buildings constructed.[6]
- 1810 – Borough Gaol built.[6]
- 1812 – Literary and Philosophical Society founded.
- 1815 – Manchester Dock built.
- 1816 – Leeds and Liverpool Canal constructed.[6]
- 1817 – Liverpool Royal Institution established.[9][17]
- 1822 – Apprentices' Library founded.[6]
- 1823 – Marine Humane Society founded.[16]
- 1825 – Liverpool Mechanics' School of Arts[6] and Philomathic Society[11] established.
- 1826 – St James Cemetery laid out.
- 1827 – Law Society established.[11]
- 1828 – Borough Sessions House built.[6]
- 1829 – Canning Dock opens.[18]
- 1830
- Liverpool and Manchester Railway begins operating.[6][19]
- Liver Theatre active.[20]
- 1831 – Population: 165,175.[6]
- 1832
- Church of St Luke built.
- John Swire and Sons in business.[17]
- 1833 – Zoological gardens open.[11]
- 1835 – City boundaries expand.[9]
- 1835 - First elected Town Council replaces Common Council.
- 1836
- Liverpool Anti-Slavery Society active (approximate date).
- Literary, Scientific and Commercial Institution[6] and Liverpool Town Borough Police established.
- Liverpool Lime Street railway station opens to the public.
- 1837 – Liverpool Chess Club formed.[21]
- 1838 – Brougham Institute[6] and Polytechnic Society established.[11]
- 1839
- 1840
- 1842
- St. Francis Xavier's College established.[22]
- Robertson Gladstone becomes mayor.
- 1843 – Princes Park laid out.[9]
- 1844 – Canning Half Tide Dock opens.[18]
- 1845 – Liverpool Observatory built.[11]
- 1846 – Albert Dock opens.[24]
- 1848
- Liverpool Financial Reform Association; Architectural and Archaeological Society;[11][25] and Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire formed.[11]
- Cope Bros & Co in business.
- Church of Saint Francis Xavier consecrated.
- 1849 – Philharmonic Hall opens.
1850s-1890s
- 1850 – Catholic Institute established.[22]
- 1851
- Derby Museum opens.
- Balfour Williamson in business.
- 1852
- African Steamship Company in business.
- Liverpool Free Public Library[26] and sailors' home[9] open.
- Hebrews' Educational Institution founded.[11]
- 1854 – St George's Hall built.[9]
- 1855 – February: Economic unrest.[16]
- 1856 – Lewis's shop in business.
- 1857 – Mersey Docks & Harbour Board established.[27]
- 1859 – Thomas Royden & Sons in business.
- 1860 – William Brown Library and Museum building opens.[26]
- 1862 – Grand Olympic Festival begins.
- 1863 – Liverpool Amateur Photographic Association founded.[28]
- 1864 – Oriel Chambers built.
- 1866 – Star Music Hall opens.
- 1867 – Alliance Israélite Universelle branch founded.[29]
- 1868
- Elder Dempster and Company in business.
- Newsham Park opens.
- 1869 – Fowler's Buildings constructed.
- 1870
- Stanley Park opens.
- Greek Orthodox Church of St Nicholas built.
- Incorporated Society of Liverpool Accountants formed.
- 1871 – North Western Hotel built.
- 1872
- Sefton Park opens.[9]
- Midland Railway Goods Warehouse built.
- 1874
- Liverpool Central railway station opens.
- Liverpool Institute High School for Girls established.
- Princes Road Synagogue consecrated.
- 1877 – Walker Art Gallery opens.
- 1878 Everton football club founded
- 1879
- Picton Reading Room built.[26]
- Liverpool Echo newspaper begins publication.[30]
- Salvation Army active.[31]
- 1880
- Liverpool attains city status.
- Aigburth Cricket Ground built.
- 1881 – University College Liverpool chartered.[9]
- 1884
- Anfield (athletic space) opens.[32]
- County Sessions House, Gustav Adolf Church, and Picton Clock Tower built.
- 1886
- Mersey Railway Tunnel opens;[9] Mersey Railway (Birkenhead-Liverpool) begins operating.
- Liverpool and Birkenhead Women's Peace and Arbitration Association organized.[33]
- 1887 – Liverpool Muslim Institute founded.
- 1888 – Shakespeare Theatre opens.[20]
- 1890
- 1892
- Goodison Park (athletic field) inaugurated.
- Victoria Building, University of Liverpool constructed.
- Robert Durning Holt becomes mayor.
- Liverpool Football Club formed.
- 1893 – Liverpool Overhead Railway begins operating.
- 1895 – City boundaries expand.[9]
- 1897 – Gregson Memorial Institute built.[17]
- 1898
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine founded.[17]
- White Star Building constructed.
- 1899 – Liverpool University Press founded.
20th century
1900s-1940s
- 1901 – Population: 684,958.[9]
- 1902
- 1904 Foundation stone of the Anglican Cathedral is laid by King Edward VII.
- 1906 – Liverpool Cotton Exchange Building constructed.
- 1907
- August: 700th anniversary of city founding.[37]
- Dock Office built.[38]
- 1908 – Meccano Ltd in business.
- 1909 – June: Catholic-Protestant conflict.[39]
- 1911
- 1911 Liverpool general transport strike.
- Royal Liver Building constructed.
- Rodewald Concert Society founded.
- 1912 – Lime Street Picture House opens.[40]
- 1913 – Crane's Music Hall opens.
- 1914 – Adelphi Hotel opens.
- 1917
- Cunard Building constructed.[17]
- Liverpool Commercial Reference Library opens.[41]
- 1919 – Racial conflict.[42]
- 1922 – African Churches Mission, and African and West Indian Mission organized.[43]
- 1925 – Empire Theatre opens.
- 1930 – Speke Airport begins operating.
- 1931 – Population 855,688.[44] This would be the peak size of Liverpool's population.
- 1934 – Queensway Tunnel, Walton Hall Park, and Paramount Theatre[40] open.
- 1940 – August: Aerial bombing by German forces begins.
- 1942 – January: Aerial bombing by German forces ends.
- 1944 – Merseyside Unity Theatre active.
1950s-1990s
- 1952 – City twinned with Cologne, Germany.
- 1953 – Liverpool Muslim Society founded.
- 1957
- The Cavern Club opens as a jazz club.
- The Quarrymen, a skiffle group which is the predecessor of The Beatles, play their first gigs and Paul McCartney joins them.
- 1960 – The Beatles pop group first performs under this name, initially as The Beatals.
- 1961 – Mersey Beat begins publication.
- 1964 – Everyman Theatre founded.
- 1967
- The Mersey Sound (book) anthology of Liverpool poets published.[45]
- Liverpool Metropolitan Cathedral built.
- 1968 – Merseyside Passenger Transport Executive established.
- 1969
- Radio City Tower built.
- St. John's Shopping Centre and Clayton Square Shopping Centre in business.
- 1970 – Harrison Barnard & Co. headquartered in city.
- 1971 – Kingsway Tunnel opens.
- 1972 – Seaforth Dock opens near city in the area of Seaforth, Lancashire.
- 1974
- City becomes a metropolitan borough within the newly created metropolitan county of Merseyside; Merseyside County Council established.
- Post & Echo Building and New Hall Place constructed.
- Al-Rahma Mosque established.
- 1978 – Construction of the Anglican Cathedral is completed.
- 1980 – Merseyside Maritime Museum opens.[46]
- 1981 – July: Toxteth riots.[47]
- 1984 – International Garden Festival held.
- 1988 – Tate Liverpool (museum) opens.
- 1989- Hillsborough Disaster
- 1991 – Population: 452,450 residents.[48]
- 1992
- Africa Oyé music festival begins.
- Liverpool Community College established.
- 1993
- 1995 – Liverpool dockers' strike begins.[50]
- 1996 – National Conservation Centre opens.
- 1998 – Mike Storey becomes Liverpool City Council leader.
- 1999 – Liverpool Biennial begins.
21st century
- 2001 – Liverpool Wall of Fame unveiled.
- 2004
- Liverpool Culture Company formed.
- Homotopia (festival) begins.
- 2006 – Liverpool Science Park and Royal Standard art gallery established.[51]
- 2007
- International Slavery Museum opens.
- West Tower built.
- Liverpool Shakespeare Festival begins.
- 2008
- City designated an European Capital of Culture.
- Echo Arena Liverpool, BT Convention Centre, and Liverpool One open.
- One Park West and Alexandra Tower built.
- 2010 – National Oceanography Centre established.
- 2011 – Museum of Liverpool opens.
- 2012 – Joe Anderson becomes mayor.[52]
See also
References
- ↑ http://historyofliverpool.com/liverpool-domesday-book-text/
- ↑ http://historyofliverpool.com/liverpool-king-john-charter-1207-text/
- 1 2 Samantha Letters (2005), "Lancashire", Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs in England and Wales to 1516, Institute of Historical Research, Centre for Metropolitan History
- ↑ http://historyofliverpool.com/liverpool-black-death-plague/
- ↑ Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Edwin Butterworth (1841). "Liverpool". Statistical Sketch of the County Palatine of Lancaster. London: Longman & Co.
- 1 2 3 "Annals of Liverpool", The Stranger in Liverpool: or, An historical and descriptive view of the town of Liverpool and its environs (10th ed.), Liverpool: Thomas Kaye, 1833
- ↑ "Liverpool Slave Trade." International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. Ed. William A. Darity, Jr. 2nd ed. Vol. 4. Detroit: Macmillan Reference USA, 2008. 468-469. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 1 Oct. 2013
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "Liverpool", The Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
- 1 2 David Brewster, ed. (1832). "Liverpool". Edinburgh Encyclopædia. Philadelphia: Joseph and Edward Parker.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Edward Baines (1870). John Harland, ed. History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster. 2. London: Routledge.
- ↑ "Circulating Libraries", All the Year Round (282), 26 May 1894
- ↑ A. V. Williams (1913). Development and Growth of City Directories. Cincinnati, USA.
- 1 2 Claude Egerton Lowe (1896). "Chronological Summary of the Chief Events in the History of Music". Chronological Cyclopædia of Musicians and Musical Events. London: Weekes & Co.
- ↑ Catalogue of the Liverpool Library, at the Lyceum. 1814.
- 1 2 3 George Henry Townsend (1867), "Liverpool", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
- 1 2 3 4 5 University Library. "Collection Descriptions". Special Collections & Archives. University of Liverpool. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- 1 2 William Farrer, J. Brownbill, ed. (1911), "Liverpool: the Docks", A History of the County of Lancaster, 4, retrieved 2 September 2013
- ↑ William Toone (1835). Chronological Historian. 2 (2nd ed.). London: J. Dowding.
- 1 2 R.J. Broadbent (1908), Annals of the Liverpool Stage, Liverpool: E. Howell
- ↑ Liverpool Chess Club: a Short Sketch of the Club, 1893
- 1 2 3 Michael E. Sadler (1904), Report on Secondary Education in Liverpool, London
- ↑ "Cunard Steam-Ship Company", New York Times, 25 July 1880
- ↑ Edward Baines (1893). "Liverpool Parish". In John Harland. History of the County Palatine and Duchy of Lancaster. 5.
- ↑ "About the LAS". Liverpool Architectural Society. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- 1 2 3 Peter Cowell (1903), Liverpool Public Libraries: a History of Fifty years, Liverpool: Free Public Library, OCLC 4319003
- ↑ Adrian Jarvis (1994). "The Port of Liverpool and the shipowners in the late 19th century". The Great Circle. Australian Association for Maritime History. 16. JSTOR 41562879.
- ↑ "Photographic Societies of the British Isles and Colonies", International Annual of Anthony's Photographic Bulletin, New York: E. & H. T. Anthony & Company, 1891
- ↑ "History of the Liverpool Jewish Community", Jewish World], London, August 1877
- ↑ "Liverpool", Willing's Press Guide, London: James Willing, Jr., 1904
- ↑ Norman H. Murdoch (1992). "Salvation Army Disturbances in Liverpool, England, 1879–1887". Journal of Social History. 25. JSTOR 3789029.
- ↑ "Anfield: Timeline of Liverpool's famous home". The Independent. 15 October 2012. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- ↑ Sandi E. Cooper (1991). "Peace Societies". Patriotic Pacifism: Waging War on War in Europe, 1815-1914. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-536343-2.
- ↑ Emma Latham (2000). "The Liverpool Boys' Association and the Liverpool Union of Youth Clubs: Youth Organizations and Gender, 1940-70". Journal of Contemporary History. 35. JSTOR 261029.
- ↑ James Lord Bowes (1894), Handbook to the Bowes Museum of Japanese Art-Work, Streatlam Towers, Liverpool, OCLC 27521645
- ↑ "Liverpool (England) Newspapers". Main Catalogue. British Library. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- ↑ Liverpool's 700th Anniversary Celebrations: Words and Music, 1907
- ↑ Peter De Figueiredo (2003), "Symbols of Empire: The Buildings of the Liverpool Waterfront", Architectural History, 46, JSTOR 1568808
- ↑ Paul Coslett (2009). "The Belfast of England". Liverpool: History. BBC. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- 1 2 "Movie Theaters in Liverpool". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- ↑ Handbook to the Commercial Reference Library, Liverpool, 1920
- ↑ Alfred B. Zack-Williams (1997). "African Diaspora Conditioning: The Case of Liverpool". Journal of Black Studies. 27: 528–542. doi:10.1177/002193479702700405. JSTOR 2784729.
- ↑ Carlton E. Wilson (1992). "Racism and Private Assistance: The Support of West Indian and African Missions in Liverpool,
England, during the Interwar Years". African Studies Review. 35. JSTOR 524870. line feed character in
|title=at position 93 (help) - ↑ The Population of Liverpool Exemplified (1st http://www.liv.ac.uk/mcs/lfs/docs/lplcityregpopsummary1004.pdf ed.), Liverpool: Liverpool John Moores University, 2010
- ↑ Gascoigne, Bamber. "Timelines: Liverpool". History World. Retrieved 2013-10-01.
- ↑ Couch, Chris; Farr, Sarah-Jane (2000). "Museums, Galleries, Tourism and Regeneration: Some Experiences from Liverpool". Built Environment. 26. JSTOR 23288855.
- ↑ "1945 to present". British History Timeline. BBC. Retrieved 2013-09-12.
- ↑ "Census Information Index". City of Liverpool Internet. City of Liverpool. Archived from the original on 11 February 1998. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- ↑ "Mathew Street Festival axed and replaced by new Liverpool International Music Festival", Liverpool Echo, 19 February 2013
- ↑ Mukul (1998), "Liverpool Dockers; Making and Un-Making of a Struggle", Economic and Political Weekly, 33, JSTOR 4406925
- ↑ "United Kingdom". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
- ↑ "British Mayors". City Mayors.com. London: City Mayors Foundation. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
Further reading
Published in the 18th century
- Liverpool Directory, for the Year 1766. Liverpool: Printed by W. Nevett and Co. for J. Gore.
- William Enfield (1774), An essay towards the history of Leverpool (2nd ed.), London: J. Johnson
- W. Bailey (1781). "Liverpool Directory". Bailey's Northern Directory. Warrington: Printed by William Ashton.
- William Moss (1796). Liverpool Guide. Liverpool: Crane and Jones.
- James Wallace (1796), A general and descriptive history of the ancient and present state, of the town of Liverpool, Liverpool: J. McCreery
Published in the 19th century
1800s-1840s
- "Liverpool", Kearsley's Traveller's Entertaining Guide through Great Britain, London: George Kearsley, 1803
- John Britton (1807), "Liverpool", Beauties of England and Wales, 9, London: Vernor, Hood & Sharpe
- Picture of Liverpool; or, Stranger's Guide (2nd ed.), Liverpool: Printed by Jones and Wright, and sold by Woodward and Alderson, 1808
- John Corry (1810), The history of Liverpool, from the earliest authenticated period down to the present time, Liverpool: William Robinson
- "Liverpool". Commercial Directory for 1818-19-20. Manchester: James Pigot. 1818.
- Robert Watt (1824). "Liverpool". Bibliotheca Britannica. 4. Edinburgh: A. Constable. OCLC 961753.
- Henry Smithers (1825), Liverpool, its Commerce, Statistics, and Institutions, Liverpool: Printed by T. Kaye, OCLC 4587553
- "Liverpool". Pigot & Co.'s National Commercial Directory for 1828-9. London: James Pigot.
- "Liverpool", Cities and Principal Towns of the World, Cabinet Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, & Green, 1830, OCLC 2665202
- Stephen Reynolds Clarke (1830), "Liverpool", New Lancashire Gazetteer, London: H. Teesdale and Co., OCLC 6704104
- Gore's Directory and View of Liverpool (PDF). Liverpool: J. and J. Mawdsley. 1834. External link in
|publisher=(help) - "Liverpool". Cornish's Grand Junction, and the Liverpool and Manchester Railway Companion. Birmingham: J. Cornish. 1837. External link in
|publisher=(help) - Picture of Liverpool. Liverpool: T. Taylor. 1837.
- Francis Coghlan (1838). "Liverpool". Iron Road Book and Railway Companion from London to Birmingham, Manchester, and Liverpool. London: A.H. Baily & Co.
- Arthur Freeling (1838), "Liverpool Guide", Freeling's Grand Junction Railway Companion to Liverpool, Manchester, and Birmingham, H. Lacey
- "Liverpool", Osborne's Guide to the Grand Junction, Or Birmingham, Liverpool, and Manchester Railway, Birmingham: E.C. & W. Osborne, 1838
- "Liverpool", Leigh's New Pocket Road-Book of England and Wales (7th ed.), London: Leigh and Son, 1839
- Liverpool as It Is. 1840.
- Alexander Brown (1843), Smith's Strangers' Guide to Liverpool, Liverpool: Benjamin Smith
- John Thomson (1845), "Liverpool", New Universal Gazetteer and Geographical Dictionary, London: H.G. Bohn
- "Liverpool". Slater's National Commercial Directory of Ireland; including ... English Towns of Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, West Bromwich, Leeds, Sheffield and Bristol, and in Scotland, those of Glasgow and Paisley. Manchester: I. Slater. 1846.
- Samuel Lewis (1848), "Liverpool", Topographical Dictionary of England (7th ed.), London: S. Lewis and Co.
1850s-1890s
- Thomas Baines (1852). History of the Commerce and Town of Liverpool. London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.
- "Liverpool", Black's Picturesque Tourist and Road-book of England and Wales (3rd ed.), Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1853
- Richard Brooke (1853), Liverpool as it was during the last quarter of the eighteenth century. 1775 to 1800, Liverpool: J. Mawdsley and Son, OCLC 4612147
- Thomas Baines (1859), Liverpool in 1859, London: Longman
- George Measom (1859), "Liverpool", Official Illustrated Guide to the North-Western Railway, London: W.H. Smith and Son
- Recollections of old Liverpool, Liverpool: J. F. Hughes, 1863
- A. Green & Co.'s Directory for Liverpool and Birkenhead, 1870
- James Stonehouse (c. 1870). Streets of Liverpool. Liverpool: E. Howell.
- Black's Guide to Liverpool, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1871
- "Liverpool Section". Commercial Directory and Shippers' Guide (3rd ed.). Liverpool: R.E. Fulton & Co. 1871.
- James Picton (1875), Memorials of Liverpool, London: Longmans, Green v.2
- "Liverpool", Official Guide and Album of the Cunard Steamship Company, S. Sharpe, 1877
- John Parker Anderson (1881), "Lancashire: Liverpool", Book of British Topography: a Classified Catalogue of the Topographical Works in the Library of the British Museum Relating to Great Britain and Ireland, London: W. Satchell
- Lewis's Handy Guide to Liverpool and Neighbourhood. Liverpool: Lewis's. 1884.
- Liverpool a few years since (3rd ed.), Liverpool: A. Holden, 1885
- City of Liverpool: Municipal archives and records, from A. D. 1700 to the passing of the municipal reform act, 1835, Liverpool: G. G. Walmsley, 1886
- Frederick Dolman (1895), "Liverpool", Municipalities at Work: the Municipal Policy of Six Great Towns and its Influence on their Social Welfare, London: Methuen & Co., OCLC 8429493
Published in the 20th century
1900s-1940s
- Ramsay Muir (1907), A History of Liverpool (2nd ed.), London: Pub. for the University Press of Liverpool by Williams & Norgate
- George T. Shaw; Isabella Shaw, eds. (1907). Liverpool's First Directory. A Reprint of the Names and Addresses from Gore's Directory for 1766. Liverpool: Henry Young & Sons.
- Robert Donald, ed. (1907). "Liverpool". Municipal Year Book of the United Kingdom for 1907. London: Edward Lloyd.
- William Dean Howells (1909), "A Modest Liking for Liverpool", Seven English Cities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "Liverpool", Great Britain (7th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910
- Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Liverpool", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
- William Farrer; J. Brownbill, eds. (1911). "History of the County of Lancaster". Victoria County History. University of London, Institute of Historical Research. (includes Liverpool)
1950s-1990s
- Richard Hawes (1998). "Municipal Regulation of Smoke Pollution in Liverpool, 1853–1866". Environment and History. 4. JSTOR 20723060.
Published in the 21st century
- Richard Lawton (2002). "Components of demographic change in a rapidly growing port-city: the case of Liverpool in the nineteenth century". In Richard Lawton and W. Robert Lee. Population and Society in Western European Port Cities, c.1650-1939. Liverpool University Press. ISBN 978-0-85323-435-7.
- John Belchem (2007). Irish, Catholic and Scouse: The History of the Liverpool-Irish, 1800–1939. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press.
External links
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Liverpool. |
- "Liverpool". Port Cities UK. UK: New Opportunities Fund. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012.
- Caryl Williams. "History Timeline". Old Liverpool. UK.
- "Lancashire", Historical Directories, UK: University of Leicester. Includes digitized directories of Liverpool, various dates
- Digital Public Library of America. Works related to Liverpool, various dates
- "(Liverpool)". Discovering Britain: Walks: North West England. Royal Geographical Society. c. 2013.
Coordinates: 53°24′N 3°00′W / 53.4°N 3°W
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