Mactridae

Mactridae Temporal range: Cretaceous to Present
Shell of Spisula solida
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Bivalvia
Order:	Veneroida
Family:	Mactridae Lamarck, 1809
Genera
See text

Mactridae, common name the trough shells or duck clams, is a family of saltwater clams, marine bivalve mollusks in the order Veneroida.

Description

These clams have two short siphons, each with a horny sheath. The shell is shaped like a rounded-cornered equilateral triangle and there is a slight gape at the posterior. Each valve bears two cardinal teeth with four lateral teeth on the right valve and two on the left. The foot is white and wedge-shaped. They mostly inhabit the neritic zone.^[1]

Ecology

Trough shells burrow in sand or fine gravel and never in muddy substrates.^[2]

Genera

Mactra stultorum

Lutraria lutraria

Genera within the family Mactridae include:^[3]

• Anatina Schumacher, 1817
• Austromactra Iredale, 1930
• Barymactra Cossmann & Peyrot, 1909
• Colorimactra Iredale, 1929
• Crassula Marwick, 1948
• Cyclomactra Dall, 1895
• Darina Gray, 1853
• Diaphoromactra Iredale, 1930
• Eastonia Icke & Martin, 1905
• Harvella Gray, 1853
• Heterocardia Deshayes, 1855
• Leptospisula Dall, 1895
• Lutraria Lamarck, 1799
• Mactra Linnaeus, 1767
• Mactrella Gray, 1853
• Mactrellona Marks, 1915
• Mactrinula Gray, 1853
• Mactromeris Conrad, 1868
• Meropesta Iredale, 1929
• Mulinia Gray, 1837
• Oxyperas Mörch, 1853
• Pseudocardium
• Raeta Gray, 1853
• Rangia) Desmoulins, 1832
• Resania Gray, 1853
• Scalpomactra Finlay in Marwick, 1928
• Simomactra Dall, 1894
• Spisula Gray, 1837
• Standella Gray, 1853
• Tanysiphon Benson, 1858
• Tresus Gray, 1853
• Trinitasia Maury, 1928
• Tumbeziconcha Pilsbry & Olsson, 1935
• Zenatia Gray, 1853
• Zenatina Gill & Darragh, 1963

References

• "Mactridae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. 
• Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 ISBN 0-00-216906-1