Turtle classification
Turtles have been classified in different ways by different authors. While they were previously considered anapsids, they are now considered more derived.[1] Recent analyses of molecular evidence have strongly suggested that they belong in the clade Archosauromorpha (also known as Archelosauria).[2] Below are many of the possible classifications of Testudines and Testudinata:
Thomson and Shaffer, 2010
Below is a cladogram of living testudines found by Thomson and Shaffer in 2010:[3]
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| Pleurodira |
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| Trionychia |
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See below for Chelydridae, Chelonioidea, Kinosternoidea, Platysternidae, Emydidae, Testudinidae and Geoemydidae |
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Sterli 2010
Below is a cladogram found by Sterli in 2010 in a phylogenetic analysis of Pleurodira:[4]
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†Hangaiemys hoburensis |
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†Judithemys sukhanovi |
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†Dracochelys bicuspis |
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†Sinemys lens |
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†Ordosemys leios |
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| Chelonioidea |
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Joyce, 2007
Below is a cladogram found by Joyce in 2007 in his publication on turtle phylogeny:[5]
References
- ↑ Zardoya, Rafael; Meyer, Axel (2001-05-01). "The evolutionary position of turtles revised". Naturwissenschaften. 88 (5): 193–200. doi:10.1007/s001140100228. ISSN 0028-1042.
- ↑ Crawford, Nicholas G.; Parham, James F.; Sellas, Anna B.; Faircloth, Brant C.; Glenn, Travis C.; Papenfuss, Theodore J.; Henderson, James B.; Hansen, Madison H.; Simison, W. Brian (2015-02-01). "A phylogenomic analysis of turtles". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 83: 250–257. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.10.021.
- ↑ Thomson, R.C. & Shaffer, H.B. (2010). "Sparse Supermatrices for Phylogenetic Inference: Taxonomy, Alignment, Rogue Taxa, and the Phylogeny of Living Turtles" (PDF). Systematic Biology. 59 (1): 42–58. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syp075.
- ↑ Sterli, J. (2010). "Phylogenetic relationships among extinct and extant turtles: the position of Pleurodira and the effects of the fossils on rooting crown-group turtles". Contributions to Zoology. 79 (3): 93–106.
- ↑ Joyce, W.G. (2007). "Phylogenetic Relationships of Mesozoic Turtles" (PDF). Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 48 (1): 62.