List of Presidents of Syria

Syria
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Syria

This is a list of Presidents of Syria since 1920.

Keys

Meaning
— Acting president.
National Bloc
National Party
Syrian Social Nationalist Party
Military
Arab Liberation Movement
National Union
People's Party
Syrian Regional Branch
(Ba'ath Party / Syrian Ba'ath Party)

Presidents

№ Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Took office Left office Political party Note(s)
1 Subhi Barakat
(1883–1939)		 28 June 1922 21 December 1925 Independent
—
—
—
 François Pierre-Alype
(1853–1932)		 9 February 1926 28 April 1926 Independent
—
2
—
 Ahmad Nami
(1840–1928)		 28 April 1926 15 February 1928 Independent
—
— Taj al-Din al-Hasani
(1885–1943)		 15 February 1928 14 May 1930 Independent
—
№ Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Took office Left office Political party Note(s)
— Taj al-Din al-Hasani
(1885–1943)		 14 May 1930 19 November 1931 Independent
—
—
—
 Léon Solomiac
(1873–1960)		 19 November 1931 11 June 1932 Independent
—
3 Muhammad Ali al-Abid
(1867–1939)		 11 June 1932 21 December 1936 Independent
—
4 Hashim al-Atassi
(1875–1960)		 21 December 1936 7 July 1939 National Bloc
—
5 Bahij al-Khatib
(1895–1981)		 10 July 1939 4 April 1941 Independent
—
— Khalid al-Azm
(1903–1965)		 4 April 1941 16 September 1941 Independent
—
6 Taj al-Din al-Hasani
(1885–1943)		 16 September 1941 17 January 1943 Independent Hasani died in office.[1]
— Jamil al-Ulshi
(1883–1951)		 17 January 1943 25 March 1943 Independent
—
7 Ata al-Ayyubi
(1877–1951)		 25 March 1943 17 August 1943 Independent
—
8 Shukri al-Quwatli
(1891–1967)		 17 August 1943 24 October 1945 National Bloc
—
№ Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Took office Left office Political party Note(s)
8 Shukri al-Quwatli
(1891–1967)		 24 October 1945 29 March 1949 National Bloc /
National Party		 Quwatli was ousted from power on 29 March 1949 by Husni al-Za'im, his Chief of Staff.[2]
9 Husni al-Za'im
(1897–1949)		 30 March 1949 14 August 1949 Syrian Social Nationalist Party Za'im was overthrown by a military coup in 1949 led by Adib Shishakli, he was later executed on the orders of the new government.[3]
10 Sami al-Hinnawi
(1898–1950)		 14 August 1949 15 August 1949 Military
—
4 Hashim al-Atassi
(1875–1960)		 15 August 1949 2 December 1951 National Party
—
— Adib Shishakli
(1909–1964)		 2 December 1951 3 December 1951 Syrian Social Nationalist Party
—
11 Fawzi Selu
(1905–1972)		 3 December 1951 11 July 1953 Military
—
12 Adib Shishakli
(1909–1964)		 11 July 1953 25 February 1954 Arab Liberation Movement Shishakli resigned from office because of threats of a coup in 1954.[4] He fled the country, claiming that he did not want the country to fall into a civil war.[4]
— Maamun al-Kuzbari
(1914–1998)		 25 February 1954 28 February 1954 Independent
—
4 Hashim al-Atassi
(1875–1960)		 28 February 1954 6 September 1955 National Party
—
8 Shukri al-Quwatli
(1891–1967)		 6 September 1955 22 February 1958 National Party
—
№ Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Took office Left office Political party Note(s)
13 Gamal Abdel Nasser
(1918–1970)		 22 February 1958 29 September 1961 National Union
—
№ Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Took office Left office Political party Note(s)
— Maamun al-Kuzbari
(1914–1998)		 29 September 1961 20 November 1961 Independent
—
—
—
 Izzat al-Nuss
(1900–1972)		 20 November 1961 14 December 1961 Military
—
14 Nazim al-Kudsi
(1906–1998)		 14 December 1961 8 March 1963 People's Party The 1963 Syrian coup d'état, an event known as the 8th of March Revolution, toppled Nazim al-Kudsi and brought the National Council for the Revolutionary Command (NCRC) to government, although real power lay with the Ba'athist Military Committee, which organized the coup.[5]
15 Lu'ay al-Atassi
(1926–2003)		 9 March 1963 27 July 1963 Independent Lu'ay al-Atassi was appointed president by the NCRC because he posed no threat to the Military Committee's power.[6] He resigned after high-ranking non-Ba'athist officers were purged.[7]
16 Amin al-Hafiz
(1921–2009)		 27 July 1963 23 February 1966 Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region)		 Amin al-Hafiz was overthrown by the Military Committee because of his support for Michel Aflaq and the National Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party.[8]
17 Nureddin al-Atassi
(1929–1992)		 25 February 1966 18 November 1970 Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region)		 Nureddin al-Atassi was overthrown when a falling out occurred between Salah Jadid, the real ruler of Syria from 1966 to 1970, and Hafez al-Assad, the Minister of Defense.[9] Assad initiated a coup in 1970.[10]
— Ahmad al-Khatib
(1933–1982)		 18 November 1970 22 February 1971 Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region)
—
18 Hafez al-Assad
(1930–2000)		 22 February 1971 10 June 2000 Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region)		 Assad died in office.[11]
— Abdul Halim Khaddam
(1932–)		 10 June 2000 17 July 2000 Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region)
—
19 Bashar al-Assad
(1965–)		 17 July 2000 Incumbent Syrian Ba'ath Party
(Syria Region)
—

See also

References

General
  1. ↑ Moubayed 2006, p. 345.
  2. ↑ Moubayed 2006, p. 311.
  3. ↑ Moubayed 2006, p. 610.
  4. 1 2 Moubayed 2006, p. 339.
  5. ↑ Moubayed 2006, p. 133.
  6. ↑ Moubayed 2006, p. 175.
  7. ↑ Rabinovich 1972, p. 72.
  8. ↑ Seale 1990, pp. 99–101.
  9. ↑ Seale 1990, pp. 142–144.
  10. ↑ Seale 1990, pp. 162–163.
  11. ↑ Moubayed 2006, pp. 154–155.
Bibliography
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