Chang-Du dialect
| Chang-Du | |
|---|---|
| Nanchang | |
| Native to | China |
| Region | Northwestern Jiangxi |
|
Sino-Tibetan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| ISO 639-6 |
cagj |
| Glottolog |
chan1317[1] |
Chang-Du or Chang-Jing dialect, sometimes called Nanchang dialect (simplified Chinese: 南昌话; traditional Chinese: 南昌話; pinyin: nánchāng huà) after its principal variety, is a dialect of Gan Chinese. It is named after Nanchang and Duchang County, and is spoken in those areas as well as in Xinjian, Anyi, Yongxiu, De'an, Xingzi, Hukou, and bordering regions in Jiangxi and in Pingjiang County, Hunan.
Phonetics and phonology
The Nanchang variety will be taken as representative.
Initials
| Bilabial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Alveolo- palatal |
Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m m 麻 |
ɲ gn 魚 |
ŋ ng 牙 |
|||
| Plosive | plain | p b 巴 |
t d 打 |
k g 加 |
||
| aspirated | pʰ p 怕 |
tʰ t 讀 |
kʰ k 卡 |
|||
| Affricate | plain | ts dz 渣 |
tɕ j 脊 |
|||
| aspirated | tsʰ ts 茶 |
tɕʰ ch 喫 |
||||
| Fricative | ɸ f 花 |
s s 紗 |
ɕ sh 寫 |
h h 蝦 | ||
| Lateral | l l 啦 |
|||||
Finals
The finals of the Nanchang dialect are:[2]
| - | -i | -u | -n | -ŋ | -t | -k | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| - | a 扯 |
ɔ 何 |
ɛ 許 |
ɹ̩ 柿 |
ə 儒 |
ai 敗 |
əi 噯 |
au 抱 |
ɛu 茂 |
əu 周 |
an 闲 |
ɔn 漢 |
ɛn 痕 |
ən 分 |
aŋ 正 |
ɔŋ 裝 |
uŋ 共 |
at 八 |
ɔt 撥 |
ɛt 北 |
ət 不 |
ak 百 |
ɔk 剝 |
uk 鹿 |
| -i- | ia 惹 |
iɛ 佢 |
i 眉 |
iɛu 廟 |
iu 酒 |
iɛn 淹 |
in 隱 |
iaŋ 井 |
iɔŋ 獎 |
iuŋ 供 |
iɛt 革 |
it 乙 |
iak 脊 |
iɔk 腳 |
iuk 菊 | |||||||||
| -u- | ua 話 |
uɔ 禾 |
uɛ 哇 |
u 母 |
uai 懷 |
ui 委 |
uan 灣 |
uɔn 換 |
un 滾 |
uaŋ 梗 |
uɔŋ 廣 |
uat 滑 |
uɔt 活 |
uɛt 國 |
ut 勿 |
uak 摑 |
uɔk 擴 |
|||||||
| -y- | yɛ 瘸 |
y 豬 |
yɔn 軟 |
yn 笋 |
yɔt 絕 |
yt 戍 |
||||||||||||||||||
Consonantal codas
| consonantal finals | -p | -t | -k | -m | -n | -ng |
| IPA | [-p] | [-t] | [-k] | [-m] | [-n] | [-ŋ] |
| Example | 十 | 八 | 百 | 咸 | 限 | 横 |
| Syllabic nasals | m̩ 姆 |
n̩ 汝 |
ŋ̩ 五 |
|---|
Tones
Nanchang has 5 tones, which are neutralized before a syllable-final stop.
Citation tones
| Tone number | Tone name | Tone contour | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | yin ping (陰平) | ˦˨ (42) | falling |
| 2 | yang ping (陽平) | ˨˦ (24) | rising |
| 3 | shang sheng (上聲) | ˨˩˧ (213) | dipping |
| 4 | yin qu (陰去) | ˥ (5) | high |
| 5 | yang qu (陽去) | ˨˩ (21) | low |
| 6 | ru sheng (入聲) | ˥̚ (5) | checked |
| 7 | ru sheng (入聲) | ˨̚ (2) | checked |
References
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Chang-Jing". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- ↑ Yan (2006), pp. 150–151, based on Hanyu Fangyin Zihui.
- Běijīng dàxué zhōngguóyǔyánwénxuéxì yǔyánxué jiàoyánshì. (1989) Hànyǔ fāngyīn zìhuì. Běijīng: Wénzìgǎigé chūbǎnshè.(北京大學中國語言文學系語言學教研室. 1989. 漢語方音字匯. 北京: 文字改革出版社)
- Norman, Jerry. [1988] (2002). Chinese. Cambridge, England: CUP ISBN 0-521-29653-6
- Yuán, jiāhuá (1989). Hànyǔ fāngyán gàiyào (An introduction to Chinese dialects). Beijing, China: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎnshè. (袁家驊. 1989. 漢語方言概要. 北京:文字改革出版社.)
External links
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 2/13/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.